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5 Minutes of Green Per Day Keeps the Blues Away…

Jun 30, 2010 : View Comments
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Previous research has shown that being exposed to nature has a variety of health benefits. Here is a brief list:

  • Children suffering Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) get tangible benefits from just limited time in “green” spaces.
  • Attention scores in classrooms are higher after playing in “green playgrounds” versus asphalt.
  • People experience almost twice the mood elevation when walking in the country versus walking indoors. (Take that, “retail” therapy.)
  • Simply looking at nature can be healing. A number of studies have demonstrated that viewing nature (even just from windows) offer a range of benefits, including:
    • less stress
    • lowered blood pressure
    • fewer headaches and illnesses
    • greater job satisfaction
    • quicker recovery rates for post-operative patients
  • One study conducted in Indianapolis found that children in greener neighborhoods had a reduced risk of being overweight or obese.

So, just how much nature exposure is associated with these benefits?

Some new research suggests that it might take as little as 5 minutes per day…

In a meta-analysis recently published in Environmental Science & Technology, researchers show that just 5 minutes of physical activities in the presence of nature led to demonstrable benefits in both mental and physical health.

Walking, cycling, fishing, horseback riding, farming, and even gardening all constitute “physical activity.”

Five minutes was determined as the most efficient number. Longer times were still beneficial, but lead to diminishing returns. For example, 10 minutes of activity does not double the benefits!

Some interesting side notes:

  • A blue/green setting seemed to cause a better health response.
  • The presence of water caused an even greater effect.
  • Light intensity activity (as compared to intense or moderate) seemed to have the best effect on self-esteem.

Why nature is so good for mood and self esteem…

Now that it is clear there is an effect, the interesting question is why this may be the case.

The answer seems to be that it helps restore our capacity for attention.

We evolved in non-urban environments. This makes not having exposure to nature similar to taking an animal out of their natural habitat. And, without access to at least some exposure to our natural habitat, bad things happen.

According to Doctor Frances Kuo, director of the Landscape and Human Health Laboratory at the University of Illinois:

“Humans living in landscapes that lack trees or other natural features undergo patterns of social, psychological, and physical breakdown that are strikingly similar to those observed in other animals that have been deprived of their natural habitat. In animals what you see is increased aggression, disrupted parenting patterns, and disrupted social hierarchies.”

Dr. Kuo (who I quote a lot here!) goes on to say:

“In evolution, those of us who found it — nature — sort of inherently interesting probably were more likely to remember where the berries were… And so the idea is that we’re selected for being interested in relevant natural phenomena.”

So being exposed to nature, helps reset our capacity for attention. And according to Kuo,

“allows us to be our best selves, so we are able to inhibit impulses that we want to be able to inhibit; we can take the long view of things; we can think better.”

In Conclusion

I think the new study that shows all it takes is light activity for only 5 minutes a day to get the majority of the “nature benefit” is great news. I personally thought it would be a whole lot more time required. And a special thanks to Dr. Kuo, who provided most of the insight on this blog post!

I am curious; does anyone already have a 5 minute-a-day nature practice?

Sources:
Barton, Jo, and Jules Pretty. “What is the Best Dose of Nature and Green Exercise for Improving Mental Health? A Multi-Study Analysis.” Environmental Science & Technology, 2010.
Sullivan, W.C., Kuo, F.E., & DePooter, S. (2004). “The Fruit of Urban Nature: Vital Neighborhood Spaces.” Environment & Behavior, 36(5), 678-700.
**Taylor, A.F., Kuo, F.E. & Sullivan, W.C. (2001). “Coping with ADD: The Surprising Connection to Green Play Settings.” Environment & Behavior, 33(1), 54-77.

Tags: ADD, ADHD, children, green playgrounds, green spaces, lower blood pressure, lower stress, mood elevator, outdoors, Overweight, physical activity

Comments

needing green

June 30th, 2010 at 9:55 pm

I wish lived near something green! I can totally feel how “off” I am by living in the concrete jungle. Guess I need to buy a bunch of pictures for my office

Elizabeth

June 30th, 2010 at 9:57 pm

I love this article, thanks!!! I need this reminder to get outside for a walk at the park every day – and now I know I have time to get the benefits. Thanks so much

Eliz

June 30th, 2010 at 10:00 pm

I love this article, thanks!!! I need this reminder to get outside for a walk at the park every day – and now I know I have time to get the benefits. Thanks so much

David Barriga

July 1st, 2010 at 2:23 pm

As a kid, I loved being out in the open orchards and fields,mostly by myself.
I thought I did this because I was a lonener, but not so, It made me feel totally relaxed and free my self of negative stuff. As an aduldt, worked longhard hrs. along with every day mental problems, t release my brain of all this harsh stuff, would go to the forest, not to hike but to totally surround myself with the beautfull enviroment, that help me to flush my mind of all negative stuff
Very good insightfull comment, I agree with more then 100% . I call this inner soul hypnosis.
Have a good healthy day

Chrystal

July 1st, 2010 at 6:25 pm

i am heading out of town this weekend to my family's farm.. after reading this article, i am even more looking forward to spending some time out of the office and in the sunshine.
i wonder if you can store up your 5 mins? lol. this weekend, ill get hours of sun and “green” entertainment, but then I am back in the office next week…will my extra time this weekend keep me calm for the rest of the week? lol..i will let you all know..

Debcky

July 2nd, 2010 at 1:13 pm

I have a very large poster of the Monet gardens painting which hangs on the wall across from my office desk. So I look at flowers all day long. I grow a small flower garden and large herb pots. And the back of my property has a creek which runs through it so we have lots of birds and small wildlife in a park-like setting. It absolutely restores me to be outside, even to sit in the sunroom and look outdoors. Within a couple of minutes I feel more calm and my BP lowers and respirations slows. I also photograph the plants, birds, butterflies in my yard, with digital camera and my iPhone. I just keep a samera in the sunroom because you never know when something amazing shows up that you want to photograph. I change my iPhone and computer wallpaper regularly with different pictures of my garden plants. Lots of ways to keep nature around you, even if you are in a concrete jungle or office cubicle…I also listen to music – it controls my mood, sometimes it reflects my mood. Makes my ability to remain calm and be productive much better.

Kathie Collins

July 2nd, 2010 at 1:20 pm

Buy some plants! It will help to see them grow and they require your love and attention. Adding a water feature and surrounding it with even some small plants can really create a soothing environment at home or work!

Doris

July 2nd, 2010 at 1:49 pm

MY best friend is out watering her flowers every morning ; she believes that we need a bit of sunshine and is often wanting to take, hospitalized or seriously ill, folks out into the sunshine…She is the happiest person that I know and the most 'grounded' when we do often go for a walk outside after the health club it is refreshing and inspires me…Doris

Joanna

July 2nd, 2010 at 3:13 pm

I got ready this morning meaning I dressed, combed hair and made my face for the day. I couldn't eat was was blah. Then I said I would like to walk around the apartments. I just moved from a house in Colorado to an apartment in Georgia. It is beautiful here and I walked around and then went down and around a couple of streets. I came home and had a good breadfast that was good. You hit the nail on the head when you created this article. I don't know if I can do only 5 minutes.

Joanna

July 2nd, 2010 at 3:25 pm

Debcky. I loved your note and ideas. I am retired so don't have to worry about a cubical. I have beautiful paintings that still need to be hung in my apartment but through all this I listen to my favorite music (light classical) from which I get peace and great enjoyment. You live in a beautiful place with a stream and plants and my area is beautiful too..I am just discovering.

Saltmine3

July 2nd, 2010 at 3:31 pm

>>I am curious; does anyone already have a 5 minute-a-day nature practice?

I do now ! Thanks for this article, and I love this blog.

Genelle Brown

July 2nd, 2010 at 3:37 pm

I'm 66, not a scientist, and have believed all my life that those humans living in cities have no survival instincts or skills and that most if not all of their animal instincts are either altered or were never developed. Neither do they have natural responses to a variety of stimulae. I've also observed that the higher the degree, the less the common sense. Now that TVs and computers are so heavily used, we have ADD and ADHD. This “great brain” we have is also leading to the race's total destruction. Our evolution is not going to have a positive outcome. The one area where the human excels is to annihilate himself and everything around him. It's time to emulate early man once again.

Kathleen Sullivan

July 2nd, 2010 at 4:24 pm

Do you remember the scene in “Pretty Woman where Julia Roberts teaches Richard Gere to take his shoes off and walk in the grass? I recently switched from my daily walk in the concrete jungle to actually removing my shoes and walking in a local park (that does not use pesticides). It is so refreshing and invigorating. I feel grounded and I also feel it is a natural exerciser for the feet, kind of a natural reflexology that benefits the whole body!

Kathleen Sullivan

July 2nd, 2010 at 4:26 pm

“Back to the future”! I believe that we are finding “everything old is new again”. The closer we get back to nature as intended, the all around healthier we will be.

cynthia d.

July 2nd, 2010 at 4:49 pm

I walk my dog, mornings & evenings, around the Island where we live, or even in town(s) when not home. It's great for the dog, obviously, but even better for me & my mood. Getting even 5 minutes brisk walk in the fresh air sure beats a treadmill anywhere else.

LadyWhoLovesBirds

July 2nd, 2010 at 4:53 pm

I have a nature practice daily where I sit in my garden and relax. It is often more than 5 minutes, 15 minutes minimum, sometimes an hour or more. It is my time of reflection, renewal and a time where ideas are born. I keep a journal, work out problems, talk to myself and focus on what I want in life and visualize where I am going. The beauty of my surroundings creates a calm and open environment for these processes to take place.

question authority

July 2nd, 2010 at 8:28 pm

would that emulation include using a computer to blog on the internet? Luddism is symptom level effort, not solution……

Dawn Menard

July 2nd, 2010 at 10:12 pm

this is FANTASTIC, and verifies everything we feel to be true…but love to see the empirical evidence, too.

Lori

July 3rd, 2010 at 2:44 pm

I have always felt more – clear-headed, connected, grounded – after walking outside. I live near a lake, so I walk there. But I always felt I had to explain why (and of course couldn't) – or defend it – since I live in a city after all. I love that there's science explaining why this works. And that 5 minutes is all it takes! I think growing and tending houseplants helps too. For me, science-lover that I am, having the science behind it just inspires me to make sure I make time for nature. Awesome post. Especially useful in today's stressful times – with the economy and job market challenges. This takes little time and it's free!

Genelle

July 3rd, 2010 at 2:53 pm

Absolutely! There's a harmony in nature of which we are supposed to be a part. As a child in this Country, I remember my great aunts, uncles and cousins “visiting” by sitting on the porch and talking! That died out along with the relatives and I didn't see it again until I took my small children and moved to a small town in France. There again, people visited. The main connection I can make here is that TV either wasn't owned or was rarely used. We went for walk and talks for entertainment. We had human interaction; our minds worked and our bodies felt like working. Stress was rare and short lived. I used to be able to turn off a Selectric typewriter at 5 p.m. and forget about work until 8 a.m. the next day. Today, you turn off the computer and worry about what's crashing during the night. I personally need a lot more than 5 minutes/day. Maybe 5 minutes works for city dwellers. :o )

Genelle

July 3rd, 2010 at 3:13 pm

LOL! No, . . I'm not a Luddite or belong to Green Peace or to that violent, usually demented group proporting to be fighting for animal rights. What I am saying is that as a group, humans have become out of balance with nature, and along with that imbalance, are now suffering all sorts of ailments that are unnecessary. As for social websites, I still don't “get it” since email exists and figure those evolved because people are now physically antisocial since they are glued to their technology be it their computer or iPod, etc. I hadn't thought about this being a Blog until you mentioned it. But now that you have, maybe I'll just continue reading the excellent reports I receive from these people instead of expressing an opinion. Thanks for the heads up on that one.

question authority

July 3rd, 2010 at 5:38 pm

you could choose that option, not express your opinion; or, you could recognize that, whether or not “information wants to be free” – as one tribe of internet denizens intones – or not, it definitely wants to socialize. an opinion, or idea, correctly understood, is a hypothesis, and hypotheses exist to socialize – be tested – amongst peers (but not amongst choirs). that's the process, the only process, that generates better, stronger opinions, not to mention truths. I hope you choose to continue socializing.

Saving Nature

July 4th, 2010 at 5:13 am

Or you could do what I did, which is to buy a Toyota Prius Hybrid that gets 50 MPG so it doesn't cost me much to drive out to the country, where the world is beautiful. And the tailpipe doesn't pollute our wonderful planet, as much as a conventional car.

Patricia

July 6th, 2010 at 12:35 am

Fabulous post. I grew up on an island with mountains that were painted on the sky, they look that awesome, and the ocean just 1-1/2 blocks away. I love Mother Nature! I've since moved from that island, but my home now has lots of trees and birds and gardening opportunities. If I'm not out in the yard, I'm staring at it from my home office window. It's all so calming and energetic. I do my best writing outdoors in the company of trees.

Thanks for such valuable information.

Ms Ann Noni

July 6th, 2010 at 8:06 pm

Thirty-six years' ago, whilst sitting in my high school classroom, I wrote a poem about how I felt being in a concrete jungle and looking out the window on yet some more walls of dull, lifelessness. At that age I had pin-pointed what my soul-food was. Apart from a couple of years after I was first married (and everything was new and wonderful and nothing else much mattered [my husband was a surfaholic, so I got plenty of exposure over weekends to the sense-tingling, 'can't quite get enough of' salt air, gentle breezes and the warmth, often through a car window as I sat and read while he was catching that 'just one more wave..']), I've always lived in suburban areas abounding in greenery, the blue sky – just had to walk out the front door, or sight it quite often through a home window – and of course, lots of shrubbery, trees and flowers. And, on a summer's night – or into the early hours of the morning – my utmost soul's delight was to be in the pool, in the quiet of the hour, gazing up at the stars. I've lost that now – recently had to down-size to something more affordable. I geared myself to the change, adapted my mindset to a positive one……BUT, feel (and know it) I've made the worst mistake of my life. I have medical problems (serious back issues) so can't get out and about easily or with a bearable degree of pain, so having my choice and dosage of 'medicine' is important to me. And since moving, I've acknowledged what I knew in my heart of hearts – I'm addicted to that 'medicine' and can't go without it – nor do I want to tho', unfortunately there's very little I can do about it now. At my last home, the numerous windows and sliding glass doors afforded me such a soothing, relaxing, peaceful view from practically just about everywhere in my home – for example, a section of the pool and greenery was captured in the floor-to-ceiling kitchen window. Even a portion of sky was framed. Most days I would take my lunch outside to eat and have more of this beautiful scenery. Often there'd be a CD of my choice for right then, playing whilst I ate and savoured my surroundings – AND the music. The simple sandwich even tasted better. Now that I've moved I don't have all that. I do have a small 'patio' with a pergola which blocks out both the sky and the warmth of the winter sun on my back. My healthy 'feeding time' routine has disintegrated and I no longer get the nutritious body or soul food that I need. I won't go into detail about why various other means of getting my delicious daily dose don't work for me but believe me, being without them, makes a world of difference to my mental, emotional and physiological health. I was quite stunned recently when talking with a social worker to hear her say, “Would you rather be financially secure (the move didn't actually do that, it just made me temporarily more 'secure for a relatively short period) or have a pool?” It was not the 'having' of the pool that was the issue; it was the pleasure – the tranquility, serenity – the filled my soul and worked as a far better medicine than a load of pain killers or anti-depressants. It really bothered me that after an hour's conversation, during which I was describing my best ways of staving off the blues, she would come up with a question like that – and this from a social worker!

So, to get back to the question, yes, I DID have that 5/30 min. a day practice (amongst several others, which were the decorations, if you like, to the building and scenery) – and it benefited me greatly. Since that has gone it is as if my whole existence has gone haywire.

Bosuntom

July 14th, 2010 at 12:10 pm

your social work, like so many of her ilk, sounds a buffoon who worships only materialism. They're all around us, alas.
It scarcely matters anyway, because less that two centuries of human stupidity and materialistic greed has written human civilization's death knell.

We have utterly ruined our planet and I only hope when mother nature decides on retribution she will only extract it on us humans.
The old chinese curse of 'may you live in interesting times' will very soon come to fruition.

Through the wonders of the natural world (man can hardly qualify) I am just trying to savour what little is left. I hate to think of what's coming down the line for shrill kids in my neighbouring kindergarden.

Regine

July 19th, 2010 at 9:02 am

I have always wondered why sitting in my garden always made me feel so much happier and at peace even when I only stayed 5 or 10 minutes. Even when my husband left me, I used to spend nights on a garden chair in the summer and it was the only place I could find some solace.
Now even just looking at the garden and picking a dead head here, a weed there makes me feel so great. I even have food for the birds and when I sit in the backroom not only I see greenery and flowers , I can now witness the birds feeding and singing….. in all of that in the middle of Croydon! Coming from Paris, my first fantastic memory when I arrived in the UK, is to have a small backgarden which I shared with other tenants where I could hear the birds sing in the morning. It was something I had never heard and it was magical.
I would also agree that being displaced from our natural habitat is not good. My father was a country man and when he married my mother they lived in Paris. His mental and physical health suffered so much as he could not deal with the stress and he ended up having a nervous breakdown. All those years later, I thought that leaving the country had had a major impact on him and this article confirmed my instincts.
I for one now, at 52, yearn to leave the city and go to live on the Isle of Wight where I can have the best of both worlds, the sea and the countryside….. Can't wait. Meanwhile I will carry on using my garden as a way to feel good.

Rose Parker

August 14th, 2010 at 10:11 pm

I think the corporations who pollute and ravage this country should go outside and enjoy nature and it’s beauty. Could they be so callous toward the environment if they did? Rose Parker


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